Diaspora Groups Criticise Indonesia’s Global Citizenship Scheme as Lacking Real Reform

Diaspora and mixed-marriage advocacy groups have expressed reservations about Indonesia’s newly introduced Global Citizenship of Indonesia (GCI) program, warning that it falls short of addressing long-standing citizenship challenges faced by Indonesians living abroad.

The GCI scheme, scheduled to take effect on January 26, offers a lifetime stay permit to former Indonesian citizens and their descendants. While the initiative is aimed at strengthening ties with the diaspora, it does not restore Indonesian citizenship or grant political rights, a limitation that critics say undermines its impact.

According to the Indonesian Diaspora Network–United (IDN-U), the continued prohibition of adult dual citizenship remains a major obstacle. The group notes that many Indonesians abroad who acquire foreign nationality automatically lose their legal rights in Indonesia, including the ability to own freehold property, invest as locals, or work without foreign labor restrictions.

Property ownership for former citizens is limited to short-term usage rights, and those who return to work must comply with regulations applied to foreign nationals. Advocacy groups argue that these restrictions discourage meaningful engagement with the country.

Indonesia has grappled with dual citizenship issues for decades, particularly affecting children from mixed marriages. Current law allows limited dual citizenship only until the age of 21, after which individuals must choose a single nationality. Attempts to reform this framework through legislation have repeatedly stalled.

Critics also point out that the GCI program was introduced through an immigration regulation rather than an amendment to the Citizenship Law, limiting its legal reach. As a result, diaspora leaders argue it cannot bring about substantive change.

Mixed-marriage advocacy groups have welcomed the government’s intention to engage the diaspora but say the scheme does little to resolve the difficulties faced by children who lose Indonesian nationality upon adulthood. Many still face complex re-naturalization processes and employment barriers despite their Indonesian heritage.

As discussions continue, diaspora groups are urging the government to pursue comprehensive legal reforms that directly address dual citizenship and restore rights, rather than relying on administrative measures they describe as largely symbolic.